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Collaborative Scheduling Optimization for Tote Storage and Retrieval Operations in Multi-Load Robotic Storage and Retrieval System

• 1、School of Management, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065

Abstract：The multi-load robot storage and retrieval system is a new type of advanced automated order picking system featuring multi-load automated guided vehicles, which can simultaneously carry multiple totes to execute tote storage and retrieval operations at one time. This not only increases the complexity of allocating totes to vehicles but also poses significant challenges to the scheduling of tote storage and retrieval operations. This paper investigates the collaborative scheduling problem of tote storage and retrieval operations in the multi-load robotic retrieval system. A mixed 0-1 integer programming model with the objective of minimizing the total travel distance of the vehicles is established. A greedy initial solution is constructed by employing an alternative strategy for allocating storage and retrieval operations. We designed five local search operators and a greedy repair strategy, and developed an iterated local search algorithm for solving this problem. Extensive simulation experiments and comparative analyses are conducted on 400 test instances of small, medium, and large scales. The results show that the iterated local search algorithm performs better overall than the exact algorithm, variable neighborhood search algorithm, genetic algorithm, and simulated annealing algorithm. Compared with the storage-then-retrieval strategy and the independent storage-and-retrieval strategy, the proposed collaborative storage-and-retrieval strategy can significantly improve the efficiency of tote storage and retrieval operations. We analyze the impact of key parameters, such as the maximum load capacity of vehicles and the ratio of tote storage-to-retrieval operations, on the system. These conclusions can provide valuable management insights for equipment selection and operation scheduling in warehouse systems.

Keywords： Multi-load robotic storage and retrieval system Tote storage and retrieval Collaborative scheduling Iterative local search.